دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 An Analysis and Comparison of the Semantic Stylistics of the Poems of Hafez Shirazi with the Metaphorical Verses of the Qur’an تحلیل و مقایسه سبک نوشتاری اشعار حافظ شیرازی با آیات متشابه قرآنی 8 29 210674 10.22034/sshq.2024.429871.1407 FA مریم شفیعی تابان استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. 0000-0003-2423-0946 سیروس مرادی دکتری تصوف و عرفان اسلامی ،مدرس الهیات و معارف اسلامی دانشگاه فرهنگیان کرمانشاه،کرمانشاه ،ایران 0009-0006-8863-1043 اسماعیل اسلامی استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیّات عربی، واحد جیرفت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،جیرفت، ایران، 0000-0002-8903-3532 Journal Article 2023 12 10 Detailed Abstract Research Objective: The aim of the present research is to determine through reflection on and interpretation of the meanings of the ghazals in the Dīvān of Hafez, the degree of correspondence or alignment between the semantic style of the poems of Hafez Shirazi and the Qur’anic content. In other words, the research seeks to find evidence that shows the extent to which Hafez was influenced by the verses and concepts of the ambiguous or allegorical passages of the Noble Qur’an in his choice of themes and the way he presented them. In fact, the researcher aims to provide a deep explanation and interpretation of the meanings of Qur’anic verses in order to reveal the commonalities and correspondences between those meanings and the semantic style of Hafez's poetry. Contemplation and reflection on the verses involve a precise analysis of conceptual components and strive to identify the direct and indirect influences of the Qur’an on the poems. Research Methodology: The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and is based on an in-depth examination of the poetry and discourse of Hafez. Initially, Hafez's Dīvān was reviewed, and verses influenced by the meanings of the Qur’an were extracted and analyzed. In the body of the article, after presenting verses from various themes of Hafez's ghazals and explaining the meanings of the couplets, the semantic influence of the Qur’an on those verses was examined and analyzed. Findings: Hafez depicts the status of religious and sacred literature in various forms, such as through his use of Qur’anic vocabulary, verses, terminologies, as well as narratives and stories drawn from the Qur’an. His ghazals reveal that the foundational structure of his language and thought is deeply rooted in the Qur’an and its teachings. Thus, Dīvān of Hafez is influenced by Qur’anic concepts from two perspectives: both in terms of the external form of the verses and in the deeply structured internal fabric and thematic core of the poems. This indicates the profound impact of the Qur’an on the linguistic, semantic, and cognitive framework of the poet. A careful and profound reading of his ghazals shows that Hafez’s literary and semantic style and structure are built upon Qur’anic insights and meanings. His mind and language have been directly shaped by Qur’anic reception to such an extent that the outward form and inner meaning of his poetry are inseparable. The range of Qur’anic themes and references in his poetry is vast, including motifs such as fidelity to covenants, the creation of man from clay, the gardens beneath which rivers flow, fasting, expressions like Saqākallāh and kaʾsin dihāq, the Night of Power (Laylat al-Qadr), a blazing meteor (Shihāb qabas), the straight path (Ṣirāṭ mustaqīm), extended shade (ẓill mamdūd), the fall of Adam, ʿafākallāh ("may God pardon you"), certain knowledge (ʿilm al-yaqīn), the noble recording angels (Kirām kātibīn), Lā ilāha illā Allāh (there is no deity but God), and Lā infiṣām lahā ("it cannot be broken"). These are only a few examples. Moreover, these meanings and themes lead the reader or audience—often engaging with a mind filled with ambiguity and contemplation—to attain a deeper understanding of religious and ethical matters. The close relationship between the themes of Hafez’s poetry and those of the Qur’an demonstrates that in his quest for spiritual and divine truths, Hafez, drawing upon his Qur’anic knowledge, has been able to address human and moral issues from a religious perspective. Conclusion: A poet who is a Muslim and has been nurtured and developed within the embrace of Islamic culture and the teachings of the Qur’an will inevitably reflect the influence of this culture in their poetry. One of the prominent features of Hafez's poetry is his special attention to the Qur’an, which is evident throughout his verses. As Hafez himself has confessed, he read the Qur’an in fourteen different recitations and it was his companion in solitude during dark nights. Hafez alludes to this truth in his verse: "No one among the guardians of the world has gathered as much as this servant / Subtle wisdom with Qur’anic points." Based on the analyses and commentaries conducted on some of the verses of Hafez's Dīvān in this research, it can be concluded that Hafez's poetry is thoroughly intertwined with Qur’anic insights, and the semantic style of his verses aligns with the similar verses of the Qur’an. The Dīvān of Khwāja Shiraz is influenced by the Qur’an and Islamic concepts in various ways. Hafez's ghazals demonstrate that the fundamental structure of his mind and language is rooted in the Qur’an and its concepts. Ultimately, it can be said that Hafez's Dīvān is influenced by the Qur’an both in terms of the outward structure of the verses and in terms of their meaning and content. حافظ، تخلص بزرگ‌ترین شاعر زبان و ادبیات فارسی می‌باشد؛ چرا که میان اشعار او و قرآن کریم پیوند ژرف و ناگسستنی وجود دارد. او حافظ قرآن بوده و تأثیر قرآن کریم بر اشعار او از زوایای مختلفی قابل بررسی است. اشعار نغز و دلکش او بسیار پررنگ و پرمایه است. وی در سبک معنایی اشعارش از کلام الهی به صورت تأویل‌بردار، ایهام‌آور و ... بهره‌مند گردیده است. در پژوهش پیش رو که به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و بر مبنای مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای انجام شده، تلاش بر این است تا سبک معنایی این شاعر با آیات متشابه قرآنی بررسی گردد.. هدف و مبنای کار در این پژوهش کشف و شناسایی تأثیرپذیری حافظ در نمونه ابیات ارائه شده از قرآن کریم می‌باشد. ماحصل این پژوهش آن شد که حافظ در شعر خود به طور گسترده و سرشاری از قرآن کریم بهره برده و در سبک معنایی او مضمون ابیات با آیات قرآنی مورد اشاره تناسب و همخوانی دارد.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_210674_663bdfaea1c953e57f2e28dd8a01b0e6.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 A Stylistic Analysis of the Masculine and Feminine Forms of Nouns in Lexically Similar Verses and Explanation of Their Implicit Meanings بررسی سبک شناختی تذکیر و تأنیث اسم ها در آیات متشابه لفظی و تبیین معانی ضمنی آن 30 57 178790 10.22034/sshq.2025.178790 FA احمد امیدوار استادیار، زبان و ادبیات عربی، دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم، قم، ایران. 0000-0003-3165-0033 مسعود اقبالی استادیار، گروه تفسیر و علوم قرآن، دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم، قم، ایران. زهرا حسین زاد کارشناس ارشد علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم، قم، ایران Journal Article 2022 10 20 Detailed Abstract: Research Objective: This research aims to carefully examine and stylistically analyze the differences between the "masculine and feminine" grammatical gender of nouns within the lexically similar verses of the Holy Qur’an. Explaining and elaborating the lexical differences in this category of verses, as well as their intended purposeful meanings are considered prominent topics in Qur’anic Sciences. Many Qur’anic exegeses have overlooked the rhetorical and literary aspects of these alterations, though some authoritative Quranic commentaries and specialized sources have addressed this issue. The primary objective of this study is to answer questions regarding the reasons and modalities of these differences, as well as to clarify their underlying wisdom. Ultimately, this research seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the nature of these variations as one of the manifestations of the linguistic miracle of the Qur’an. Research Methodology: The present study is descriptive-analytical in nature, focusing solely on the differences in the "masculine and feminine" grammatical gender of nouns within lexically similar verses. The analysis and evaluation of these differences are conducted using various methods, including the study of the contextual flow of verses, the examination of the semantic and content-related relationships between consecutive verses, and the utilization of the "Quran to Quran" method to extract implicit meanings and enhance the understanding of the audience. The adoption of an analysis-oriented approach in this research has facilitated the examination of both the rhetorical elegance and linguistic structure of the Qur’an alongside the lexical variations. Research Findings: The results of the study indicate that the Lexically Similar Verses, in terms of the differences in "masculine and feminine" grammatical gender include eight prominent instances of noun differences. These instances, which appear to be expressed in various words, actually possess a purposeful linguistic structure and convey a message. The analysis and examination of these cases demonstrate that such differences are employed for specific rhetorical goals, including brevity, elaboration, emphasis, expressing individuality, and creating verbal and semantic harmony in the Qur’an. For instance, in some verses, the use of either the feminine or masculine noun not only serves to elevate the meaning of the text but also aligns the concepts with the context and overall structure of the Surah. All of these instances reflect the unparalleled linguistic richness and inner coherence of the Qur’an. Additionally, the semantic relationship between similar verses within a Surah can offer a new and more comprehensive interpretation of the Qur’anic verses. The use of combined methods for analyzing Lexically Similar Verses revealed further insights into the wisdom behind these differences. For instance, some instances of differences in the "masculine and feminine" grammatical gender of nouns are linked to the overall meaning of the verse and the general structure of the Surah. This connection makes it possible to understand the coherence and content harmony of the Qur’an, showcasing an example of its linguistic miracle. Conclusion: The stylistic analysis of the linguistic differences in the Qur’an reveals that these changes are intentionally and meaningfully embedded within the Qur’an, each serving to convey deep rhetorical and semantic messages. In particular, the differences between the "masculine and feminine" forms of nouns represent a prominent aspect of the Qur’an that does not create contradictions, but rather has been carefully and subtly incorporated to enhance the understanding of Qur’anic concepts for the reader. This study confirms that these differences do not lead to complexity or ambiguity; instead, they contribute to a deeper understanding of Qur’anic concepts and strengthen the rhetorical messages of the Qur’an. By considering the context of the verses and analyzing the intertextual relationships between them, one can achieve a clearer and more accurate understanding of the linguistic phenomena within the Qur’an. These insights indicate that paying attention to the linguistic details in the Qur’an, such as the distinction between masculine and feminine nouns, can uncover the complexities and wisdom hidden within the Qur’an. These differences should be viewed as part of the linguistic miracle of the Qur’an, where understanding its linguistic subtleties can offer a deeper insight into its teachings and clarify all of its aspects. تبیین اختلاف واژگانی در آیات متشابه قرآن کریم و مفاهیم هدفمند آن، از جمله مباحث علوم قرآنی است که بسیاری از تفاسیر از بیان نکات ادبی چنین تغییراتی غافل مانده‌اند، اما در برخی از تفاسیر و کتب معتبر حوزه قرآنی بدان اشاره شده است. تحلیل و بررسی صحیح واژگانی این دسته از آیات می‌تواند در رفع شبهه اختلاف و تناقض در آیات قرآنی مثمر ثمر باشد.آیات متشابه از حیث اختلاف در «تذکیر و تأنیث» شامل 8 مورد تشابه «اسمی» است. با توجه به گستردگی شواهد تشابه افعال و اسم‌ها در این حوزه، صرفاً تفاوت آیات متشابه در بحث «تذکیر و تأنیث» اسم‌ها در این جستار بررسی شده است و با تمرکز بر حکمت اختلاف واژگانی این پدیده زبانی، به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی حکمت اختلاف در مذکر یا مؤنث بودن آن اسم را تبیین نموده است. توجه به سیاق آیات، پیوند معنایی میان آیات همجوار در همان سوره، توجه به فهم معنایی قرآن به قرآن در کشف معنای این پدیده زبانی موثر است. اغراضی همچون ایجاز، توسع معنا، اطناب، تفخیم، بیان إفراد و تناسب لفظی از جمله اهداف بلاغی این سبک تفاوت در آیات مشابه لفظی به شمار می‌رود.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_178790_9ee29303f3c07960aa0560a4a518962a.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 05 11 An Analysis of the Style of Qur’anic Stories, Focusing on the Story of Prophet Musa and the Angels' Knowledge of Human Corruption واکاوی سبک داستان‌های قرآنی با محوریت داستان حضرت موسی و علم فرشتگان به فساد و خون‌ریزی انسان 58 78 197196 10.22034/sshq.2024.451904.1451 FA رسول بهنام قراجلر استادیار گروه آموزش زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران 0000-0003-4810-9526 جمال طالبی دانشیار گروه آموزش زبان و ادبیات عرب، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران 0000-0002-0759-0897 Journal Article Detailed Abstract Introduction The Holy Qur’an, as a miracle of the Prophet of Islam (PBUHH) and a guidebook for humanity does not only address a certain stratum or class of people, but its human-building teachings are accessible to all individuals across all generations. Through its unique style, the Qur’an presents ethical, educational, and doctrinal matters to everyone, regardless of their intellectual or cultural background — a feature regarded as one of the secrets of the Qur'an’s miraculous nature. It can be asserted with confidence that presenting ethical and educational issues in the form of stories is among the Qur'an's most effective methods for attracting audiences and conveying these messages, constituting a significant portion of its content. It must be noted, however, that Qur'anic stories are not merely for storytelling; rather, through this narrative style, the Qur'an conveys the highest moral, educational, and theological teachings, along with the historical traditions of past nations, in a language accessible to the general public, aimed at offering lessons, admonition, and guidance. Thus, it is necessary to critically and structurally examine all aspects and dimensions of Qur'anic narratives, so that their hidden layers may be more fully and accurately uncovered. Research Questions -What rhetorical styles does the Noble Qur'an employ in narrating the story of Prophet Moses and the angels’ knowledge of human corruption and bloodshed? -Does accusing a being of corruption and bloodshed before any action has been committed not constitute "punishment before the crime"? And is it possible that such an accusation by the angels was based solely on their own reasoning and inference? Theoretical Framework The style of the Qur'an is primarily oral rather than written. Thus, there is no obligation for it to present the details of events, to maintain a strict chronological or geographical sequence, or to adhere to a particular literary style. Instead, the Qur'an, in recounting an event and presenting various topics, intertwines concepts and styles according to contextual appropriateness. It conveys existential truths, theological teachings, legal rulings, exhortations, guidance, and themes of fear and hope together, free from the constraints of formal literary structures — and often outside the conventional and established patterns found in books — using an oral and sermonic structure to reach human audiences. The Qur'an's oral mechanism and its linguistic implications, especially in the domain of Qur'anic narratives, have always been subjects of challenging discussions among exegetes and scholars. Unlike literary stories, the narratives of the Qur'an recount real and historical events, all of which occurred in the external world. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze these historical events with greater sensitivity, for in historical realities — as opposed to literary truths — a multiplicity of conflicting interpretations is meaningless: different and sometimes contradictory viewpoints cannot simultaneously correspond to what actually happened. Research background Many studies and research have been done about the stories of the Qur’an and their style of expression, the most important of which are mentioned: - Mohammad Hosseini (1382 SH/2003) dedicated his book to the Rīkht-shanāsī-ye Qeṣṣeh-hā-ye Qur’ān (Morphology of Qur’anic Stories). His work aims to highlight the characteristics of storytelling in the Noble Qur'an and to study the formal structure of Qur'anic narratives. However, not all Qur'anic stories were structurally analyzed; rather, the study focuses on twelve specific stories. Mahsa Soleimani (1395 SH/2015) in research titled Barresī-ye sākhtārī-ye Qeṣṣeh-hā-ye Qur’ān-e Karīm (A Structural Analysis of the Stories of the Noble Qur’an), sought to distinguish between Qur'anic and human-authored narratives. She concluded that the Qur’an employs unique and distinctive styles in presenting its stories, especially the narratives of the prophets, which have imparted extraordinary attraction and grandeur to them, turning each story into a manifestation of moral virtues and lofty values. This article was published in the National Scientific Research Conference on Lifestyle Studies. - Gholamabbas Rezaei and colleagues (1393 SH/2013) in a paper titled Zībāʾī-shanāsī-ye Qeṣṣeh-e Qur’ān-e Karīm (The Aesthetic Dimensions of Qur'anic Stories), explored various aspects of this subject. Published in the first issue of the Journal of Literary Criticism and Rhetoric Research, their study concludes that one of the aesthetic features of Qur’anic narratives is the breaking of temporal boundaries — such that sometimes a story is embedded within another, even if they occurred at different times. Hossein Fa'al Araghi Nejad and Soheila Mousavi Sirjani (1397 SH/2017) conducted a study titled Shekl-hā va shīveh-hā-ye shuruʿ-e dāstān-hā dar Qur’ān (The Forms and Methods of Story Openings in the Qur'an), published in the fourth issue of the Journal of Literary-Qur'anic Research. Their findings show that some Qur'anic stories begin with detailed scene-setting and introductions, while others commence abruptly, surprising the audience. This diversity stems from the need to align the story’s opening with its thematic atmosphere and content. - Hadi Valipour and Ahmad Joulaei (1399 SH/2019) in an article titled Khānish-e dāstān-hā-ye Qur’an-e Karīm az manẓar-e terminolojī-ye adabiyāt-e dāstānī (Reading the Stories of the Noble Qur'an through the Lens of Literary Terminology), examined the Qur’anic narratives from a literary standpoint. Published in the second issue of the Journal of Stylistic Studies of the Qur’an, their principal finding is that the Qur’an, in terms of narrative structure and volume, presents various types of stories comparable to those recognized in the global tradition of storytelling. It also features precise and calculated character development, with a distinct beginning and conclusion for each story — indicating the Quran’s timeless relevance for humanity. The foregoing studies demonstrate that while Qur’anic stories across various Surahs have been examined from different angles, the rhetorical style of the Qur’an regarding the angels' knowledge of human corruption and bloodshed has not been independently studied. Therefore, the present inquiry is unprecedented in this specific regard. Research Methodology The present essay employs a descriptive-analytical approach to explore and elucidate the style of the narrative concerning Prophet Moses and the angels' knowledge of human corruption and bloodshed. Research Findings This study reveals that the manner of presenting the story of the killing of the cow by the people of Moses (peace be upon him) shares structural commonalities with the story of humanity's selection as vicegerent, similarities that are also observed in other Qur’anic narratives. These include: Both stories are preceded by background events that, for the sake of brevity and to avoid repetition, are referred to later in the narrative rather than at the beginning. Careful examination of these instances clarifies all seemingly hidden aspects of the stories. Just as in the story of the cow's slaughter, Moses's people had prior discussions with him regarding finding the murderer and were awaiting the response of God Almighty, in this narrative, God Almighty also had discussions with the angels regarding humanity's characteristics, including their power of free will, which is alluded to later in the story. In the first story, the people of Moses (peace be upon him), upon hearing his response, were convinced and proceeded to carry out the command. Similarly, in the second story, the angels, after directly witnessing humanity's abilities in learning the names (of things), acknowledged their own limitations in comparison to this being and gained a greater understanding of the secrets behind this selection. Therefore, it is necessary in such cases to suffice with what God, the Wise, has stated in the Qur’an, as the proliferation of differing opinions regarding these historical truths can lead to all these truths being viewed with doubt and skepticism, preventing the deduction of any established facts from them. نیم نگاهی به تفاسیر قرآن کریم در خصوص آیه‌ی شریفه‌ی ﴿... قالُوا أَ تَجْعَلُ فیها مَنْ یُفْسِدُ فیها وَ یَسْفِکُ الدِّماءَ..﴾ (بقره:30) نشان می دهد که مفسران در این خصوص دیدگاه های متفاوت و توجیـهی گوناگونی ارایه نموده اند. این مطالعه در صدد آن بوده تا با بررسی ساختاری داستان کشتن گاو به وسیله قوم موسی (ع) به این سوال پاسخ دهد که چگونه و از کجا فرشتگان می دانستند که انسان خونریز است و چگونه به خداوند در این خصوص اعتراض نموده و گفتنــد« اَ تجعلُ فیها من یفسدُ فیها؟» برای این منظور با استفاده از روش توصیفی – تحلیلی و ابزار سندکاوی و کتابخانه ای، داده های لازم گردآوری و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که این سخن فرشتگان، نمی تواند ابتدایی بوده و حتماً مسبوق به سابقه ای است و ما این را از عبارت ﴿لا عِلْمَ لَنا إِلاَّ ما عَلَّمْتَنا﴾ (بقره:32) می توانیم دریافت کنیم به عبارت دیگر فرشتگان این آگاهی را قبلاً از خداوند متعال دریافت نموده بوده اند منتهی این مهم به جای این که در آغاز داستان ذکر شود در انتهای آن بیان گردیده است.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_197196_316dd2c1ec53ead0f61901eb4d0e3aad.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 The Stylistic Foundations of ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī's Deviation from Context in Tafsīr al-Mīzān مبانی سبک شناخت علامه طباطبایی درعدول از سیاق در تفسیر المیزان 79 95 167546 10.22034/sshq.2025.167546 FA محمد سبحانی یامچی استادیار گروه تفسیر و علوم قرآن دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم، مراغه، ایران 0000-0002-4770-9725 حمید جلیلیان استادیار گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بناب، بناب، ایران 0009-0007-5236-9714 Journal Article 2022 12 18 Detailed Abstract Research Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine the foundational principles of ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī's deviation from the rule of context in Tafsir al-Mizan in his exegesis al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qurʾān. ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī is one of the Qur’anic exegetes who have most extensively utilized the rule of context to ascertain the divine intent, and in some instances, he even considers the implication of the context stronger than the apparent meaning of narrations. However, an examination of his interpretation of certain Qur’anic verses reveals instances where ʿAllāmah deviates from this rule, contrary to his general exegetical approach. The aim of this research is to identify the basis for his departure from the widely applied rule of context in Tafsīr al-Mīzān. This study will, while outlining ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī's principles of interpretation, the types of contexts, and the conditions for its application, also discuss the role of context in uncovering and determining the meaning of Qur’anic vocabulary. Finally, after noting the application and functions of the rule of context in al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qurʾān in order to arrive at the divine intent, the research will address the foundational principles for ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī's deviation from the rule of context in specific verses and his presentation of meanings contrary to it. Research Methodology: In order to obtain the foundational principles underlying ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī's deviation from the rule of context, the functions of context within Tafsīr al-Mīzān were initially examined through a library-based approach. Instances where ʿAllāmah, contrary to the rule of context, arrived at the serious divine intent beyond the literal usage were identified. Subsequently, the basis for his departure from the rule of context in the interpretation of Qur’anic verses in Tafsīr al-Mīzān was elucidated using a descriptive and analytical method. Research Findings: ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī stands out as a Qur’anic exegete who has extensively employed the widely applicable rule of context to arrive at the interpretation of verses and the divine intent. He utilized this rule for various purposes, including discerning the meanings of Qur’anic verses, specifying the meaning of verses, understanding the semantics of the words within the Holy Qur’an's verses, accepting or rejecting narrations in the interpretation of verses, and prioritizing certain exegetical opinions in the interpretation of verses. Furthermore, the late ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī, in Tafsīr al-Mīzān, has employed this rule in instances where exegetes differ regarding the Meccan or Medinan origin of a Surah or verses, to distinguish between Meccan and Medinan verses. He has also used it in cases of differing recitations among Qur’anic exegetes to favor one recitation over others when such variations exist. Alongside the functions of the rule of context in Tafsīr al-Mīzān, ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī, in certain instances, has not only refrained from using the rule of context but has also presented exegetical interpretations that contradict it. He has, in some cases, deviated from the rule of context and offered meanings contrary to it due to the lack of connection between the beginning and end of verses, the need for the interpretation of a verse to align with its occasion of revelation, the contradiction of the verse's context with the context of preceding and succeeding verses, and to leverage the comprehensive semantic scope of the verse. Conclusion: The rule of context is a principle utilized by some exegetes to ascertain the serious divine intent. Through the application of the rule of context in Tafsīr al-Mīzān and the utilization of its various functions, ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī has, in numerous instances ranging from the vocabulary of verses to exegetical narrations, arrived at the divine will. Despite the significance of the rule of context for ʿAllāmah, instances are observed where he deviates from this rule, interpreting verses contrary to their context to reach the divine intent. This research has identified seven instances of verses in Tafsīr al-Mīzān where ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī departs from adhering to the principle of context in his interpretation. His four primary bases for deviating from the principle of context are: the lack of connection with the beginning and end of the verse; alignment with the occasion of revelation of the verse; the contradiction of the verse's context with the context of preceding and succeeding verses; and disregarding the context to leverage the comprehensive semantic scope of the verse, as well as verses pertaining to the Imamate of Imam Ali (PBUH) and the merits of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). چکیده توجه به اصل و قاعد سیاق در رسیدن به مراد الاهی در تفسیر قرآن یکی از قواعد تفسیری است که برخی از مفسران به آن توجه دارند. علامه طباطبایی از جمله مفسرانی است که توجه ویژه‌ای به قاعده سیاق داشته و در جای جای تفسیر المیزان بر کاربست آن جهت رسیدن به مراد الاهی تاکید دارند. با توجه به اینکه بهره گیری از قاعده سیاق یکی از مهم ترین و پرکاربردترین مبانی تفسیری علامه محسوب میشود، اما ایشان گاهی در تفسیر برخی از آیات قرآن از این مبنای تفسیری خود عدول کرده است. این نوشتار با روش توصیفی تحلیلی ضمن اشاره به کارکردهای کاربست سیاق در تفسیر المیزان به مبانی عدول علامه طباطبایی از سیاق آیات در رسیدن به مراد خدا اشاره کرد است. نتایج حاصل از این نوشتار بیانگر آن است که علامه طباطبایی در آیات مربوط به امامت امام علی (ع) و فضایل اهل بیت (ع)، همچنین عدم ارتباط با صدر و ذیل آیه، هماهنگی با شأن نزول آیه، مخالفت سیاق آیه با سیاق آیات قبل و بعد، استفاده از شمول معنایی آیه از قاعده سیاق آیات عدول کرده است. واژه‌گان کلیدی: سیاق، مبانی عدول، علامه طباطبایی، تفسیر المیزان.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_167546_d527e1bb644028da432c9ac03265e16f.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 Examining the visual schemas of the Holy Quran based on Johnson's theory (Case study of Surah Ankabut) بررسی طرحواره‌های تصویری قرآن کریم براساس نظریۀ جانسون (مطالعۀ موردی سورۀ عنکبوت) 96 119 200938 10.22034/sshq.2024.451975.1455 FA علی اسودی دانشیار گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران 0000-0001-9462-740X علی اکبر ایمانی استادیار گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران 0000-0002-3471-0276 جلیل حاجی پور دانشجوی دکتری گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی دانشگاه خوارزمی ، تهران ، ایران 0009-0007-7999-2370 Journal Article 2024 04 26 Cognitive linguistics is one of the most important topics in linguistics that establishes a relationship between language and thought and includes various theories such as conceptual metaphor, image schemas, etc. In the Holy Qur'an, many abstract concepts are expressed in the form of a set of objective concepts, the examination of which has a significant effect on the correct understanding of the meaning of the Qur'an; The present study aims to explain the hidden meanings and beauties as well as the abstract concepts in this surah by examining the types of image schemas in Surah Ankabut using the cognitive linguistics approach and descriptive analytical method. Based on the available data from Surah Ankabut, the movement schema was the most frequent schema; After that, the volume schema and then the power schema are in the second and third places. However, in this surah, movement schema plays an essential role in understanding abstract concepts. By using visual schemas, many abstract and non-objective concepts become objective and concrete for the audience, which plays a significant role in the accurate and deep understanding of the Holy Quran. زبان‌شناسی شناختی از مهم‌ترین مباحث زبان‌شناسی به شمار می‌آید که میان زبان و اندیشه، ارتباط برقرار کرده و نظریه‌های مختلفی هم‌چون استعارۀ مفهومی، طرحواره‌های تصویری و ... را شامل می‌شود. در قرآن کریم بسیاری از مفاهیم انتزاعی در قالب مجموعه‌ای از مفاهیم عینی بیان می‌گردد که بررسی آن‌ها در فهم و درک صحیح مقصود قرآن تأثیر بسزایی دارد؛ پژوهش حاضر با بررسی انواع طرحواره‌های تصویری در سورۀ عنکبوت در صدد آن است تا معانی و زیبایی‌های نهفته و همچنین مفاهیم انتزاعی موجود در این سوره را با استفاده از رویکرد زبان‌شناسی شناختی و به روش توصیفی تحلیلی، تبیین کند. براساس داده‌های موجود از سوره عنکبوت، طرحواره حرکتی پربسامدترین طرحواره بود؛ پس از آن طرحواره حجمی و سپس طرحواره قدرتی در جایگاه دوم و سوم قرار دارند. با این وجود در این سوره طرحواره حرکتی برای درک و فهم مفاهیم انتزاعی نقش اساسی دارد. با استفاده از طرحواره‌های تصویری، بسیاری از مفاهیم انتزاعی و غیرعینی برای مخاطب عینی و ملموس می‌شود که این در درک و فهم دقیق و عمیق قرآن کریم نقش بسزایی دارد.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_200938_8ad2a7aa50c7d6309f58e203a1db5d6a.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 An Analysis of the Story of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph) in the Holy Qur’an Based on Roland Barthes' Five Codes Theory واکاوی داستان حضرت یوسف (ع) در قرآن کریم با تکیه بر نظریه رمزگان‌ پنج‌گانه رولان بارت 120 141 187548 10.22034/sshq.2025.187548 FA مهین حاجی زاده استاد، گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی ، دانشکده ادبیات وعلوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران. 0009-0005-8839-0393 عبدالاحد غیبی استاد زبان و ادبیات عربی دانشکده ادبیات وعلوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران. 0000-0002-6988-9640 قادر احمدی دانشجوی دکتری زبان و ادبیات عربی، دانشکده ادبیات وعلوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران. 0000-0002-1498-6179 Journal Article 2023 10 30 Detailed Abstract Research Objective: The semiotic analysis of religious texts such as the Qur’an has always attracted the attention of linguists because many of its linguistic signs have multiple layers of meaning. Through semiotic analysis and the interpretation of specific codes, scholars aim to uncover the deeper concepts embedded within the text. Applying Roland Barthes’ theory to the analysis of the story of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph) offers an effective approach that can aid in examining the narrative structure, unraveling ambiguities, understanding the governing system of the story, discerning the interconnections among its constituent elements, and unveiling the subtle beauties hidden within its layers. Researchers, motivated by the aesthetic allure and intellectual appeal of the Qur’an, have continually drawn upon its treasures. What distinguishes the story of Yusuf and other Qur’anic narratives from other accounts is their unique mode of expression, miraculous eloquence, artistic and firm use of vocabulary, and the multilayered nature of their meanings, all crafted by God Almighty. Due to the multilayered structures and numerous codes embedded within the verses, much of this Surah requires careful decoding. The present study seeks to apply Barthes’ five-code theory to reveal new dimensions of narrative quality in the story of Yusuf (peace be upon him), highlighting its educational and religious messages, and exposing the various semantic levels of its verses to the audience. Research Methodology: The present study, employing a descriptive-analytical method, examines this story based on Barthes' five-code model and seeks to identify and extract the codes embedded within this Surah. Research Findings: Barthes' five codes are fully exemplified in the overall content of the story. The hermeneutic (enigmatic) code plays a significant role in revealing ambiguous aspects and guiding the audience toward solving the embedded riddles, with most of the enigmas promptly resolved. The proairetic (action) code shows a well-ordered progression, with the first action initiated by the story’s central character, establishing a strong connection between this and subsequent actions, particularly the final act—a notably remarkable aspect. The semantic code conveys the implicit meanings related to the character of Joseph and the settings of the narrative. The symbolic code is instrumental in illustrating the oppositions and contrasts between Joseph and the secondary characters of the story. Finally, the cultural (referential) code serves to explain and teach the importance of chastity, monotheism, and humanity’s ascent from humiliation to glory by divine will. The cultural code also enriches the other codes on a broader level of meaning, emphasizing the model of monotheistic belief and indicating that this story has been mentioned in earlier sacred scriptures. Conclusion: The story of Prophet Joseph exhibits a strong structural coherence, with all five of Barthes' narrative codes manifesting throughout. Among them, the hermeneutic (enigmatic) and proairetic (action) codes are more frequent than the semantic, symbolic, and cultural codes. In accordance with Barthes' hermeneutic code, God systematically and masterfully guides the longitudinal progression of the story, resolving its enigmas either immediately or after a brief interval. The first riddle is introduced by the central character of the story, with the narrator pursuing its unraveling. It is noteworthy that at times secondary characters also pose enigmas, and occasionally, the audience is invited to participate in solving them. Given the structured nature of the narrative, the actions (proairetic codes) follow an orderly progression, with none taking precedence over the others; each action holds intrinsic value in its context and contributes to the richness of the story. The initiating action of the narrative—Joseph's dream—is actualized in the final action, which is a particularly significant point in the story. The presence of symbolic codes facilitates the audience’s understanding of the distinction between truth and falsehood, temporarily immersing the reader in the narrative’s contradictions before clearly resolving them, thus highlighting God's supreme power in orchestrating events. Through the symbolic code, the character oppositions are distinctly delineated, with characters positioned in direct contrast to one another. رولان بارت نظریه‌پرداز معاصر فرانسوی دیدگاهی دقیق و جامع نسبت به نشانه‌شناسی و ساختارگرایی دارد که با تکیه بر رویکرد وی امکان ارائه تحلیلی متقن از لایه‌های زیرین یک متن فراهم می‌شود. در نظریه وی نوشتار براساس پنج اصل هرمنوتیک یا معمایی، پروآیرتیک یا کنشی، معنابنی یا دالی، نمادین و فرهنگی و ارجاعی بررسی می‌شود. با عنایت به اینکه داستان حضرت یوسف (ع) یکی از قصه‌های اندرزمحور قرآن است؛ پژوهش حاضر با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، این داستان را براساس الگوی پنج‌گانه بارت بررسی نموده و به کشف و استخراج رمزگان موجود در این سوره پرداخته است. نتایج حاصل از تحقیق گویای آن است که رمزگان پنج‌گانه بارت در محتوای کلی داستان مصداق کامل دارد. رمزگان هرمونتیکی و معمایی نقش بسزایی در بازنمایی زوایای مبهم و رهنمون کردن مخاطب به حل چیستان‌های موجود داشته و در اغلب موارد بلافاصله رمزگشایی می‌شود. رمزگان کنشی پی‌رفت‌های مرتبی دارد و اولین کنش از جانب شخصیت محوری داستان شکل می‌گیرد که بین آن با کنش‌های دیگر و به ویژه کنش پایانی پیوند مستحکمی برقرار است و این نکته جالب توجه در داستان است. رمزگان معنابنی یا دالی معنی ضمنی مربوط به شخصیت یوسف و مکان روایت را در بردارد. رمزگان نمادین برای نمایش تقابل‌های موجود و متضاد بین شخصیت یوسف و دیگر شخصیت‌های فرعی روایت کارساز بوده و رمزگان فرهنگی برای تبیین و تعلیم اهمیت فرهنگ پاکدامنی، یکتا پرستی و رسیدن بشر از ذلت به اوج عزت به اذن الهی می‌باشد.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_187548_a4b0ccc273e530a6fc1b5419f2e48407.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 A Semio-Semantic Analysis of Discourse in Blessed Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) تحلیل نشانه معناشناختی گفتمان سوره عبس 142 162 180251 10.22034/sshq.2025.180251 FA منصور حمیرانی دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه پیام نور، فسا، ایران 0009-0001-4714-4146 ابراهیم زارعی‌فر استادیار زبان و ادبیات عرب دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فسا، ایران 0000-0001-6664-8190 Journal Article 2023 07 30 Detailed Abstract Research Objective: This study employs the approach of "discourse semiotic-semantics" to analyze the process of meaning production within the discursive structure of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80). The research seeks to examine how meaning is organized in this Surah through the interaction of signs, discursive roles, and semantic processes. Since discourse semiotic-semantics emphasizes the dynamism of meaning in linguistic, actional, and emotional contexts, this study aims to demonstrate how Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) systematically conveys its central messages through semiotic mechanisms and semantic oppositions. The primary objective of this research is to identify and analyze the evaluation and communication dynamics between various human characters in the Surah and to explain the model of meaning-making in the encounter with divine guidance. Accordingly, the study explores the positioning of discursive actants, their relationships, and the ways in which they either embrace or reject divine guidance. This research particularly focuses on the Qur’anic warning directed at a group of arrogant individuals who perceive themselves as self-sufficient and independent of divine guidance. The study reveals how the discursive system of Surah ʿAbasa highlights the opposition between humility and self-sufficiency and how it constructs the path of guidance and deviation through semiotic and semantic structures. Research Methodology: This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach grounded in a structural framework of discourse semiotic-semantics to examine Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80). In this approach, the Surah is initially segmented into distinct discourses, and each discourse is subsequently analyzed based on semiotic mechanisms and semantic processes. Specifically, this research investigates the manner in which the Surah's semantic orientation and the organization of its discursive system are structured, elucidating the formation of semantic relationships among the linguistic, structural, and conceptual elements of the Surah. This analysis reveals that the discourse of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80), through the interaction of linguistic, performative (conative), and affective layers, represents key concepts such as guidance, self-sufficiency, and humility. Research Findings: The discursive structure of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) is fundamentally built upon oppositions between various human characters and their responses to Qur’anic guidance. Discourse analysis of this Surah reveals that its semantic system is primarily structured around a “conative system”, which includes the Prophet’s reactions to different groups, the blind man’s struggle for self-purification, and, in contrast, the arrogance and self-sufficiency of Quraysh’s leaders. Additionally, within the “affective system,” the Surah represents various emotional layers, such that in the second, third, and fourth discourses, various affective objects play a significant role and contribute substantially to the process of meaning production. From a semiotic-semantics perspective, the structure of the verses and lexical choices in Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) lead to the formation of multiple discursive systems, each with distinct semiotic mechanisms and semantic processes. These discursive systems, through semantic oppositions, delineate the pathways of guidance and deviation, emphasizing key concepts such as responsibility, acceptance of guidance, and the dangers of arrogance. Conclusion: A semiotic-semantics analysis of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) reveals that this Surah systematically represents concepts such as reminder, warning, responsibility, and the opposition between receptiveness to guidance and arrogance through its unique discursive and semantic patterns. The semiotic processes embedded in the Surah establish a coherent structure of meaning interactions between characters, events, and Qur’anic propositions, ultimately highlighting the fundamental distinctions between the actions of those receptive to guidance and those who are arrogant. The findings of this study indicate that discourse semiotic semantics can uncover new dimensions of meaning production in the Qur’an. This analysis contributes to a more precise understanding of how semantic organization operates in the Qur’anic text, demonstrating that the key concepts of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) are not only meaningful at the lexical level but also at the discursive and intertextual levels, forming a dynamic semantic framework. Accordingly, discourse semiotic-semantics serves as an effective analytical tool for uncovering the hidden layers of meaning in Qur’anic texts and for conducting deeper intertextual analyses of their discursive relationships. نشانه‌ معناشناسی یکی از رویکردهای جدید در شناسایی و تجزیه و تحلیل متون و نیز در فهم چگونگی تولید و دریافت معنا نقش اساسی دارد. تحلیل گفتمان یکی از ابزارهای تحلیل متون ادبی است که ارتباط بین ساختارهای گفتمان مدار و دیدگاههای اجتماعی حاکم بر آن را مورد بررسی قرار میدهد. قرآن کریم سرشار از معانی و نشانه‌ها که همواره مسیر را برای به کارگیری رویکرد‌های مختلف تدبر و تحلیل متن را فراهم می‌سازد. مقاله پیش رو با به کارگیری رویکرد «نشانه معناشناسی گفتمان» و روش توصیفی-تحلیلی به تحلیل سازوکار تولید معنا در فرآیند گفتمانی سوره عبس می‌پردازد. مرکزیت و جهتمندی فرآیند گفتمان سوره عبس بر «چگونگی ارزیابی و برقرارى ارتباط میان شخصیت‌های مختلف انسانها و هشدار به متکبرانی که خدا از هدایت قرآنی بی نیاز می‌دانند» شکل و بنا گرفته است. به طور کلی تحلیل گفتمانی سوره نشان می‌دهد که غالب عناصر سازنده نظام گفتمانی این سوره، از نوع نظام کنشی و نظام عاطفی شکل گرفته است.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_180251_773b0ba9ca28ebade8083f10ec810890.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 A Phonostylistic Analysis of the Verses of Tranquility (Sakīnah) in the Noble Qur’an with Emphasis on the Views of the Qur’anic Exegetes سبک‌شناسی آوایی آیات سکینه در قرآن کریم با تاکید بر آرای مفسران 164 189 187549 10.22034/sshq.2025.187549 FA جواد رنجبر استادیار زبان و ادبیات عربی ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران 0000-0002-4706-5405 بنت الهدی عاشوری کارشناسی ارشد زبان و ادبیات عربی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. Journal Article 2023 11 04 Detailed Abstract Research Objective: The field of modern stylistics is largely capable of analyzing the essence, effects, and characteristics of Sakīnah, which the Qur’an speaks of with great significance, based on linguistic features in the verses, and effectively revealing the style and rhetorical structure of the targeted verses. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to clarify the nature and position of Sakīnah in the verses of the Qur’an and to extract the important messages of these blessed verses through their phonological characteristics. Due to the strong connection between sentence structure and meaning, as well as thoughts, examining the sounds, words, and syntactic compositions that contribute to the style of the Verses of Sakīnah in order to reach their textual and extratextual implications and to better understand their central message through various linguistic layers is another goal of this research. Thus, because of the critical role these phonetic elements play in the transmission of meaning, the analysis of the phonetic level becomes all the more significant and necessary for the explanation and appreciation of the Divine Word. Research Methodology: The method chosen for the stylistic analysis of the Verses of Sakīnah is based on a linguistic foundation, which has been analyzed and examined using a structuralist approach to stylistics at four levels: phonetic, lexical, syntactic, and morphological. Thus, the research methodology employed is descriptive-analytical, utilizing library resources, primary sources, and online academic and literary platforms, including the Noor Digital Library and websites hosting relevant dissertations and articles on stylistics. Therefore, in the first step, repeated readings of Qur’anic exegeses and various articles and research studies on the Verses of Sakīnah were conducted. In the next stage, the stylistic elements and components were inferred, and the prominent stylistic features of the mentioned verses were determined. Based on the desired stylistic levels, the phonological level of the stylistic sounds and the coherence of the sounds in the Verses of Sakīnah were analyzed and examined. Research Findings: The findings of this study indicate that among the three syllabic segments of the mentioned verses—short syllables, open medium syllables, and closed medium syllables—the short syllable has a higher frequency, which is more suited to the space of conveying messages, raising awareness, and evoking attention and emotions. Additionally, the combination of these syllables in the words and their arrangement together creates both the internal and external rhythm of the verses, resulting in a very high frequency. Due to their cohesive connection with the meaning and message of the verse, they have a significant impact on the audience. The study also reveals a significant use of 'repetition' within these verses, aligning with their underlying concepts and objectives. Furthermore, the divine text skillfully employs voiced and voiceless sounds to captivate the listener and convey its message with remarkable beauty and harmony. Voiced sounds are employed to express the decisiveness, firmness, and greatness of the expression, whereas voiceless letters are utilized to depict the atmosphere of peace and hope. The resulting harmony soothes the soul, leading to a sense of tranquility and heightened enthusiasm in the listener. Thus, this research demonstrates that even the most minute phonetic element in these verses contributes to the semantic richness and overall purpose of the text. Conclusion: The research results indicate that the voiced and voiceless sounds, with the highest frequency, enhance the internal musicality and imagery effectively reflecting the intended meanings. Consequently, the use of voiced sounds is notable in contexts requiring decisiveness and firmness, whereas voiceless sounds are appropriately utilized in situations where the speech necessitates softness and flexibility. Additionally, the combination of these syllables in the words and their arrangement together creates both the internal and external rhythm of the verses. Due to their coherent connection with the meaning and concept of the verses, they have a significant impact on the audience. یکی از مهم ترین جنبه های اعجاز قرآن کریم، اعجاز ادبی آن است که این امر موجب شده که قرآن کریم از دیرباز مورد توجه ادیبان و پژوهشگران ادبی و زبانی قرار گیرد. با رشد و گسترش مباحث زبان شناسی در حوزه های تئوری و کاربردی، دانشمندان و ادیبان اسلامی به ارزشهای این دانش پی برده و قوانین و شیوه های آن را با دقت مورد بررسی قرار داده و در پی اجرای آن در قرآن کریم به عنوان بلیغ ترین کلام برآمده‌اند. در راستای این هدف، در این نوشتار به تحلیـل سبک شناسانة آیات سکینه در قرآن کریم پرداخته شده است. این پژوهش برآن است تا با شیوه توصیفی تحلیلی و با استفاده از معیارهای سبک‌شناسی جدید در «سطح آوایی » آواهای سبک‌ساز و چگونگی انسجام اصوات «آیات سکینه» را بررسی نموده و کارکرد آواهای مجهور و مهموس در را با توجه به معانی مورد نظر تبیین و بسامد هر یک از آنها را در افاده معنا نشان دهد. نتایج گویای آن است که آواهای مجهور و مهموس با بیشترین بسامد، موسیقی درونی و تصویرسازی را تقویت نموده و معانی مورد نظر را به خوبی بازتاب داده‌اند. از این رو، در جایی که کلام نیازمند قاطعیت و صلابت است، حضور آواهای مجهور و در جایی که کلام نرمی و انعطاف سخن را ایجاب نموده، حضور آواهای مهموس به خوبی نمایان است.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_187549_fc557fea34a7bee22c85859344e2f13b.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 A Comparison of the Semantic Cohesion and Coherence of Surah Ash-Shams with its Translation Based on Text Linguistics (A Case Study of Khorramshahi's Translation). مقایسه انسجام و پیوستگی معنایی سوره شمس با ترجمه آن ‌بر مبنای زبان‌شناسی متن (مطالعه‌ی موردی ترجمه‌ی خرمشاهی) 190 209 208492 10.22034/sshq.2024.458323.1460 FA علی سعیداوی علی سعیداوی، استادیار، گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران 0009-0001-4032-2405 هدی موسوی دانش آموخته دکتری زبان و ادبیات عربی- دانشکده زبان‌های خارجی- دانشگاه اصفهان- ایران 0009-0008-3217-6066 Journal Article 2024 05 19 Detailed Abstract Research Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the semantic cohesion and coherence within the text of Surah Ash-Shams (Qur’an 91), as well as its translation by Bahā'uddin Khorramshahi. The authors intend to describe the similarities and differences in the factors of cohesion and coherence between the Arabic text of the Qur’an and Khorramshahi's translation using a descriptive-analytical approach. This research aims to provide readers with a deeper understanding of linguistic cohesion and coherence. Research Methodology: In this study, a descriptive-analytical method is used to first analyze the factors of cohesion and coherence in the Arabic text of Surah Ash-Shams (Qur’an 91). Then, the issue of cohesion and coherence in Bahā'uddin Khorramshahi’s Persian translation is addressed. Finally, a comparison of the semantic cohesion and coherence factors of Surah’s text and its translation was conducted, with the similarities and differences being identified and presented in a table. Research Findings: The findings of this research show that, among the various cohesive factors, reference, ellipsis, and repetition contribute to maintaining the cohesion and uniformity of both Surah’s text and its translation. Furthermore, among the factors of semantic coherence, attention to context, exegetical principles, and similarity contribute to the coherence of meaning, with the following differences: in the case of pronominal reference, demonstrative pronouns are used according to Persian grammar to avoid noun repetition, and in some instances, verbal ellipsis has not been applied in the translation. Overall, it is observed that the translator has correctly understood and comprehended the text as a reader and has not deviated from its main subject in the translation. Therefore, the Surah's text and its translation are related in terms of cohesion and semantic coherence. Conclusion: Among the different cohesive factors, reference, ellipsis, lexical repetition, and repetition through contrast, as well as conjunctions like additive conjunctions and temporal conjunctions, contribute to the cohesion and uniformity of the text. In this context, reference with pronouns and ellipsis, such as the omission of the verb " أقسم- uqsim" (lit. I swear), is observed in the Surah text. Regarding the pronouns, it can be said that their use in Surah Ash-Shams is frequent. However, in the Persian translation, some pronouns were translated maintaining their connected and absent features, while others were translated using the equivalent of a demonstrative pronoun. Considering that in Persian grammar, demonstrative pronouns are used to avoid the repetition of nouns, and when talking about objects, "آن -an" (lit. ‘that’) is used instead of "او-ū" (lit. he/she), the translated text still preserves the cohesion and integrity of the original text by using the demonstrative pronoun "آن -an". As for ellipsis, the "و - wa" (lit. and) in the first verse, "والشمس" (By the sun), is a particle of swearing, and according to Arabic grammar, the verb "أقسم" (I swear) has been omitted. Therefore, the translator has interpreted it as "swear by the sun". However, in subsequent sentences of the Surah, the "و" is a conjunction, and the verb "أقسم" has been omitted to avoid repetition, as seen in the Persian translation. The translator in most cases used the word "swear" even in sentences where the "و" is a conjunction, as an equivalent for the particle of swearing. Among the lexical cohesive factors, repetition of words and contrast repetition between words are observed. This relationship has been well reflected in the Persian translation, where the translator has used appropriate equivalents to show this connection, maintaining the text’s cohesion. Also, the lexical collocation in Surah Ash-Shams, with words such as "Shams, Qamar, Arḍ, samā'" (lit. sun, moon, earth, sky), is evident. In the Persian translation, the equivalents "Khurshīd=sun; Māh=moon; Zamīn=earth; Ᾱsimān=sky" were used. Among the conjunctive devices, additive and temporal conjunctions are observed in the Surah, with "و - wa" (lit. ‘and’) used for additive connection and the letter "فاء – fa" (lit. then/so) is used to establish a temporal connection. The translator used Persian words like "āngāh - then" and "sepas - afterward" as equivalents for the letter "فاء – fa", indicating temporal sequence. Regarding semantic coherence factors, attention to context, exegetical principles, and similarity contribute to the creation of coherence in meaning. In terms of context, it is observed that the translator has effectively found appropriate meanings and equivalents for translating polysemous words by paying close attention to the surrounding context. زبان‌شناسی متن یکی از شاخه‌های نسبتاً جدید زبان‌شناسی است و به دنبال یافتن ویژگی‌هایی است که سبب می‌شوند نوشته‌ای را متن بنامیم. دوبگراند و درسلر هفت ویژگی برای متن ارائه داده‌اند که در این پژوهش بر دو مورد آن یعنی انسجام و پیوستگی معنایی تمرکز شده است. بدین ترتیب که عوامل و ابزار انسجام و پیوستگی معنایی در متن سوره‌ی شمس و ترجمه‌ی آن از خرمشاهی به روش توصیفی تحلیلی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته تا به این مهم دست یافته شود که متن سوره و ترجمه‌ی منتخب آن از نظر انسجام و پیوستگی چه شباهت‌ها و تفاوت‌هایی دارند و چه عواملی باعث ایجاد تفاوت‌های موجود شده است. نتیجه‌ی بررسی‌های انجام شده این است که از میان عوامل مختلف انسجام ارجاع، حذف و تکرار باعث حفظ انسجام و یکدستی متن سوره و ترجمه‌ی آن شده و از میان عوامل پیوستگی معنایی توجه به سیاق، اصل تفسیر و همانندی سبب پیوستگی در معنا گردیده، با این تفاوت که در مورد ارجاع به وسیله‌ی ضمیر، بنا به دستور زبان فارسی برای جلوگیری از تکرار اسم، ضمیر اشاره به کار رفته و در برخی موارد نیز حذف فعلی در ترجمه صورت نگرفته است. به طور کلی اما ملاحظه می‌شود که مترجم به عنوان یک مخاطب متن را به درستی درک و دریافت کرده و از موضوع اصلی آن در ترجمه خارج نشده؛ لذا متن سوره و ترجمه‌ی آن تا حد زیادی از نظر انسجام و پیوستگی معنایی مرتبط هستند.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_208492_491213b0a52b7ef92de254ca0b5662d8.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 The semantics of the word "letter" in the epistemic geometry of the Holy Quran معناشناسی واژه‌ی «حَرَفَ» در هندسه معرفتی قرآن کریم 210 233 171778 10.22034/sshq.2025.171778 FA عطیه شاه علی دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم قرآن، دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم ، دانشکده ی علوم قرآنی، شیراز، ایران 0000-0001-6589-041X علی اصغر شعاعی استادیار علوم قران و حدیث دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم،دکترای علوم قران و حدیث، قم، ایران، 0000-0001-9502-4686 محمد حسین شیرافکن استادیار گروه معارف، دانشگاه علم و فناوری مازندران ،بهشهر، ایران 0000-0003-2461-0228 Journal Article 2022 12 22 Semantics discusses the meanings of words and sentences within the language system, and in the application of the Qur'an, it analyzes the meaning in the context of Mushaf Sharif. Due to the fact that the accurate understanding of vocabulary has an effective relationship with the interpretation and understanding of the text, it is necessary to study the vocabulary. In this descriptive-analytical article, Baroosh has discussed the semantics of the word Haraf in the Holy Quran. In this way, considering the issue of the context of the Qur'anic verses with each other, we have analyzed the semantic field of the letter and the concepts related to it in different verses. This work was done with the focus of six verses of letters in the Qur'an and the connected and disconnected contexts of these verses. The result of the present research is: the word y-harf in the Qur'an system means change, conversion, interpretation, deviation, withdrawal and hypocrisy; And by maintaining the relationship with its literal meaning, it has been changed from a positive and place-related meaning to a negative meaning and has been used as an attribute and characteristic for unbelieving people. معناشناسی‌از معانی‌واژه‌هاوجملات، درون نظام زبان بحث می‌کند و در کاربست قرآن، به واکاوی معنا در بافت مصحف شریف، می‌پردازد. از آن جهت که فهم دقیق واژگان با تفسیر و فهم متن ارتباطی تأثیرگذار دارد، مداقه در واژگان ضرورت می‌یابد. دراین مقاله باروش توصیفی_تحلیلی به معناشناسی‌ واژه‌ی حرف در قرآن کریم پرداخته شده‌است. بدین صورت که با نظر به مسئله‌ی سیاقمندی آیات قرآن با یکدیگر، به تحلیل حوزه‌ی معنایی حرف و مفاهیم مرتبط با آن در آیات مختلف پرداخته‌ایم. که این کار با محوریت شش آیه‌ی حرف در قرآن و سیاق‌های متصل و منفصل این آیات، صورت پذیرفت. دستاورد تحقیق حاضر عبارتست از: واژه‌ی‌حرف در دستگاه قرآن، به معنای تغییر، تبدیل،تأویل، عدول، کناره‌گیری و نفاق می‌باشد؛ و با حفظ ارتباط با معنای لغوی خود، از معنای مثبت و مرتبط با مکان، به معنای منفی تغییر یافته است و به عنوان صفت و ویژگی برای انسان‌های کافر بکاربرده شده است. واژگان کلیدی: قرآن کریم، حوزه‌های معنایی،

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_171778_cbaa9029155a333ddb1f41c9657a2b9a.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 Phonological Arousal in Surah Ṭaha (with Emphasis on Hinton’s Theory) انگیختگی آوایی در سوره طه با تاکید بر نظریه هینتون 234 255 213261 10.22034/sshq.2025.213261 FA شهلا شکیبایی فر استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران 0000-0002-2285-6892 Journal Article 2023 12 21 Abstract Research Objective: The purpose of the present research is to study the relationship between the signifier and the signified in Surah Ṭaha (Qur’an 20) based on the model proposed by Hinton and his colleagues, investigating whether this relationship is intrinsic or conventional. Furthermore, the study aims to determine the degrees of arousal of the signs on a continuum, ranging from the clearest to the most obscure levels. In fact, by studying how the word interacts with its external examples, this research seeks to offer a new reading of the text of the Surah, as well as to uncover new dimensions of its hidden layers of meaning. In addition, it endeavors to reveal aspects of the Qur'an’s miraculous nature to the audience and to stimulate their emotional engagement. Research Methodology: This research is based on the descriptive-analytical method and the application of Hinton's theory of sound symbolism. Initially, the description of Hinton's theory and his phonetic continuum has been discussed, then the ambiguity and transparency of words in the text of Surah Ṭaha (Qur’an 20), as well as the inherent or conventional nature of the relationship between words and meanings in this Surah, have been examined at four levels: iconic, imitative, composite, and arbitrary. Finally, the research findings and results are presented. Research Findings: The research findings show that based on Hinton's theory, there are four types of inspired signs in Surah Ṭaha (Qur’an 20): iconic, imitative, composite, and arbitrary. Iconic signs, expressed through words and phrases such as “wayl” (woe), “alā” (behold), and “mā” (expressing wonder), exhibit the highest degree of iconicity, as they directly reflect emotional states. Imitative symbols, including onomatopoeic words such as “khuwār”, “ahushshu” (I strike down), “tagha” (to transgress), and “yunfakh”, occupy the second level of motivation. Composite and arbitrary signs possess lower levels of motivation, ranking third and fourth respectively on the continuum of sound symbolism. According to the research findings, and based on Hinton’s theory, the relationship between the signifier and the signified in Surah Taha (Qur’an 20) is sometimes intrinsic and natural, and at other times conventional and symbolic. In the case of iconic signs, such as vocative, exhortative, and exclamatory particles, as well as in imitative symbols like the onomatopoeic words “yunfakh” and “tagha”, the relationship between word and meaning is motivated; thus, these words are considered transparent. In fact, these words and phrases show a greater tendency toward lexical transparency and iconicity on Hinton’s proposed continuum. In composite signs, created through the repetition of specific vowels or consonants, and in arbitrary symbols, observed in words such as “khashā” (to afraid), “khashiʿa” (to be submissive), “qabas” (a spark), and “qabd” (to seize), the relationship between signifier and signified is symbolic; therefore, these words and signs are considered opaque and tend toward conventionality within the axis of sound symbolism. Based on Hinton’s views, the principle of motivation does not conflict with the principle of conventionality; rather, the two complement each other. Even the most iconic words of Surah Ṭaha (Qur’an 20) exhibit degrees of opacity. For instance, the word “tagha” is more opaque than “khuwār”, which presents a natural imitation of the sound of a cow. Similarly, the word “ahushshu”, an imitative onomatopoeic symbol, shows greater opacity compared to the iconic sign “wayl”. This suggests that the degree of iconicity for each sign is relative to other signs. Conclusion: The study of the linguistic signs in Surah Ṭaha (Qur’an 20) shows that phonological motivation is one of the most prominent aesthetic elements and artistic creation in the Qur’an, which plays an important role in conveying meaning and objectifying abstract concepts. Based on the results of the research, the types of iconic symbols present in this Surah include: iconic (direct), imitative, composite, and arbitrary. In this Surah, the iconic signs—such as vocative, exhortative, and exclamatory expressions—exhibit the highest degree of arousal. Following them, in descending order, are the imitative signs, represented by onomatopoeic words; the composite symbols, formed through the repetition of specific consonants or vowels; and finally, the arbitrary signs, created through the sequential arrangement of particular phonemes, which occupy the third and fourth levels of the continuum, respectively. نظریه تصویرگونگی آوایی که از زیرشاخه‌های دانش نشانه‌شناسی است، پیوند انگیخته دال را با مدلول نشان می‌دهد. این نظریه، بافت و ساختار زبان را متاثر از شناخت حسی انسان از جهان پیرامون می‌داند. در واقع انگیختگی آوایی از برجسته‌ترین ارکان زیبایی‌شناختی و آفرینش هنری در قرآن است که به منظور انتقال معنا و عینیت بخشیدن به مفاهیم انتزاعی مورد استفاده قرار می-گیرد. در این راستا هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر آن است که در سوره طه با تکیه بر روش توصیفی‌تحلیلی و با استفاده از الگوی پیشنهادی هینتون و همکاران او، ضمن بررسی چگونگی ارتباط دال با مدلول، ذاتی یا قراردادی بودن این ارتباط مورد مطالعه قرار گیرد همچنین درجات انگیختگی نشانه‌ها بر روی یک پیوستار از شفاف‌ترین درجه تا تیره‌ترین آن، معین گردد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که انواع نمادهای تصویرگونه در سوره طه عبارتست از: عینی، تقلیدی، ترکیبی و قراردادی. در این سوره، نشانه‌های عینی شامل عبارت‌های ندا، تحضیض و تعجب دارای بیشترین میزان انگیختگی هستند، پس از آن به ترتیب نشانه‌های تقلیدی شامل واژگان صوت‌آوا، نمادهای ترکیبی که به واسطه تکرار همخوان یا واکه خاص پدید می‌آیند و نشانه‌های قراردادی که با توالی دو واج معین ایجاد می‌شوند، در سطوح دوم، سوم و چهارم پیوستار جای می‌گیرند.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_213261_9de715b170e1ad9191b65a694e00bef3.pdf

دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم مطالعات سبک شناختی قرآن کریم 2676-6035 9 1 2025 04 21 Re-examining the Structural Coherence of the Noble Qur'an in Light of the Theory of Symmetrical Order from the Perspective of Nevin Reda (A Case Study of Surah al-Baqarah) بازخوانی انسجام ساختاری قرآن کریم در پرتو نظریه نظم متقارن از دیدگاه نوین ردا (مطالعه موردی سوره بقره) 256 282 208494 10.22034/sshq.2024.447170.1442 FA علیرضا فاضلی دانشجو دکتری، مدرسی معارف قرآن و حدیث دانشگاه معارف اسلامی، قم، ایران 0009-0002-8695-144X محمدهادی منصوری استادیار، مدرسی معارف قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه معارف اسلامی، قم، ایران، 0000-0003-0475-7476 محمدعلی مجدفقیهی استادیار، مدرسی معارف قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه معارف اسلامی، قم، ایران 0000-0003-4964-6083 Journal Article 2024 03 06 Detailed Abstract Research Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the structural cohesion of Surah Baqarah (Qur’an 2) based on the theory of symmetrical order as advocated by a contemporary Qur’anic scholar, Nevin Reda. This theory, which analyzes the coherence and coordination of the Quranic text by relying on both linear and circular structures, aims to provide evidence against the claims of certain Western Orientalists who argue that the Qur’an possesses a fragmented and incoherent content. The present research endeavors to achieve a deeper understanding of cohesion in Surah Baqarah through structural and linguistic analyses, while also addressing the criticisms raised against this theory. Research Methodology: This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to investigate Reda’s modern theory and its application to the content of Surah Baqarah (Qur’an 2). In this regard, two primary structures—namely, the linear (verbal) and the circular (thematic)—are examined. The analysis is based on the repetition of keywords and concepts, thematic coherence, and patterns of symmetry within the verses of the Surah. Research Findings: Linear Cohesion: Reda emphasizes that the repetition of key terms such as “guidance” in various sections of the Surah contributes to its overall coherence and content organization. These repetitions function as a framework that delineates the boundaries of different segments. Reda clearly demonstrates that these key terms not only interconnect specific parts of the Surah but also shape central concepts such as divine guidance and its role in human life. This repetition, as a rhetorical and semantic tool, helps the audience understand the deeper meaning of the verses. Circular Cohesion: The circular structure is based on thematic symmetry and the repetition of concepts in inverse sequences. This structure is evident throughout Surah Baqarah (Qur’an 2) and reaches its apex in sections such as Ayat al-Kursi (Qur’an 2:255). The circular configuration not only enhances the Surah’s content cohesion but also strengthens its impact on the audience. As illustrated in Reda’s analyses, this form of thematic symmetry often indicates a connection between the beginning and the end of a particular segment, thereby contributing to a unified semantic whole. In Ayat al-Kursi (Qur’an 2:255), this circular pattern is employed in a manner that accentuates themes such as divine omnipotence and God’s oversight of the universe, thus reinforcing the centrality of God throughout the Surah. This form of cohesion aids in consolidating Surah’s core messages and provides the audience with a more profound experience of the interrelatedness of the verses. Thematic Division: The Surah (Qur’an 2) is divided into three primary sections: 1. An introduction and the categorization of humanity. 2. The history of Bani Israel. 3. The laws and trials of the Muslim community. These sections are further subdivided into smaller segments, each characterized by specific verbal and thematic repetitions. The thematic division of the Surah is such that each section plays a distinct role in advancing the key concepts. The introduction of the Surah, by examining various groups of humanity, lays the groundwork for a better understanding of subsequent narratives and their connection to divine guidance. The second section, by addressing the history of Bani Israel, not only highlights the significance of this community in the context of divine guidance but also provides paradigms for the Muslim Ummah. In the third section, regulations for the emerging Islamic community are presented with the aim of fortifying faith and adherence to religious principles. Each of these sections, through its thematic and rhetorical repetitions, contributes to the overall semantic unity of the Surah. Patterns of Symmetry: The theory of symmetrical order utilizes three structural patterns—parallelism, circular, and inversion—that are identifiable in Surah Baqarah (Qur’an 2). For example, the verses pertaining to Bani Israel and the Muslim community indicate the congruence of divine directives across different historical contexts. Criticisms: Some criticisms of this theory include the absence of a comprehensive analysis, the neglect of structural factors such as the differentiation between Meccan and Medinan verses, and insufficient consideration of the thematic diversity within the Surah. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that Surah Baqarah (Qur’an 2) exhibits both coherence and coordination through its use of verbal repetitions and circular structures. Reda’s modern theory, with its emphasis on symmetrical order, significantly contributes to our understanding of Surah’s structure; however, a more comprehensive analysis—incorporating historical, social, and interpretative factors—is necessary to fully substantiate the theory. Nonetheless, this approach provides a valuable framework for countering the critiques of Orientalist scholars and for elucidating the rhetorical elegance of the Qur’an. بسیاری از اندیشمندان غربی بر این باورند که قرآن محتوای گسسته‌ای دارد، اما برخی از اندیشمندان این باور را رد کرده و تلاش می‌کنند تا انسجام ساختاری متن قرآن را ثابت کنند؛ ازاین‌رو نوین ردا، یکی از قرآن پژوهان معاصر، دو ساختار ترکیبی (خطی و حلقوی) را در سوره بقره مورد بحث قرار می دهد و از این طریق انسجام موجود در آیات سوره بقره را مورد بررسی قرار می‌دهد بدین نحو که او اجزاء کل سوره را به سه قسمت تقسیم می‌کند که مورد سوم دارای سه زیر بخش است و نیز هر کدام از سه قسم سوره را از جهت ترکیب خطی و لغوی مورد کنکاش قرار می دهد. و نیز نمونه‌های مختلف ترکیب حلقوی را طرح و مورد بررسی قرار می دهد. با این حال، این نظریه با نقدهایی مواجه است که شامل نبود تحلیل جامع و دقیق و نادیده گرفتن عوامل ساختاری مانند تفکیک آیات مکی و مدنی می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی، به بررسی رویکرد «ردا»، پرداخته و به این نتیجه میرسد که تحلیل‌های ارائه شده در این رویکرد بیشتر بر تکرار کلمه "هدایت" در بخش‌های اول و دوم سوره بقره تمرکز دارند، اما به جنبه‌های دیگری مانند عدالت و ایمان کمتر پرداخته‌ شده‌است. نقدها همچنین به ساختار لغوی و ترکیب حلقوی و نیاز به توجه بیشتر به انعطاف‌پذیری ساختاری و تفسیرهای متفاوت اشاره دارند. با این حال، پتانسیل برای دستیابی به فهم عمیق‌تری از نظم متقارن در قرآن با بررسی دقیق‌تر و ارائه تحلیل جامع وجود دارد.

https://style.quran.ac.ir/article_208494_c33a8ebdc888fce097ab06d5563f763f.pdf